Selected Publications 

Wang P, Mills LH, Song JH, Yu J and Zhu BT* [2017] Lack of cell proliferative and tumorigenic effects of 4-hydroxyestradiol in the anterior pituitary of rats: Role of ultra-rapid O-methylation catalyzed by pituitary membrane-bound catechol-O-methyltransferase. Chemical Research in Toxicology 30: 1448-1462. [PMID: 28616971]

Wang P and Zhu BT* [2017] Unique effect of 4-hydroxyestradiol and its methylation metabolites on lipid and cholesterol profiles in ovariectomized female rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 800: 107-117. [PMID: 28219710]

Wang P, Dang L and Zhu BT* [2016] Use of computational modeling approaches in studying the binding interactions of compounds with human estrogen receptors. Steroids 105: 26–41. [PMID: 26639429] ( Review article)

Yamabe N, Kang KS, Lee W, Kim SN and Zhu BT* [2015] Estriol blunts postprandial blood glucose rise in male rats through regulating intestinal glucose transporters. American Journal of Physiology — Endocrinology and Metabolism 308: E370-E379. [PMID: 25516546]  

Tang Y, Chen R, Huang Y, Li G, Huang Y, Chen J, Duan L, Zhu BT*, Thrasher JB, Zhang X and Li B [2014] Natural compound alternol induces oxidative stress-dependent apoptotic cell death preferentially in prostate cancer cells. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 13: 1526-1536. [PMID: 24688053] 

Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2014] Role of cyclin B1/Cdc2 in mediating Bcl-XL phosphorylation and apoptotic cell death following nocodazole-induced mitotic arrest. Molecular Carcinogenesis 53: 125-137. [PMID: 22949227] 

Zhang EY and Zhu BT* [2014] Estriol strongly inhibits DNCB-induced contact dermatitis: Role of antigen-specific antibodies in pathogenesis. Endocrine Connections 3: 161-172. [PMID: 25150251] 

Wang P, McInnes C and Zhu BT* [2013] Structural characterization of the binding interactions of various endogenous estrogen metabolites with human estrogen receptor α and β subtypes: A molecular modeling study. PLoS ONE 8(9): e74615. [PMID: 24098659] 

Jiang XR, Wang P, Smith CL and Zhu BT* [2013] Synthesis of novel estrogen receptor antagonists using metal-catalyzed coupling reactions and characterization of their biological activity. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 56: 2779-2790. [PMID: 23448346] 

Kang KS, Yamabe N, Wen Y, Fukui M and Zhu BT* [2013] Beneficial effects of natural phenolics on levodopa methylation and oxidative neurodegeneration. Brain Research 1497: 1-14. [PMID: 23206800] (Figure 7 of this paper was featured on the journal cover for that issue.) 

Fukui M, Kang KS, Okada K and Zhu BT* [2013] EPA, an omega-3 fatty acid, induces apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: Role of ROS accumulation, caspase 8 activation, and autophagy induction. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 114: 192-203. [PMID: 22903547]

Fu X, Wang P, Fukui M, Long C, Yin L, Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2012] PDIp is a major intracellular oestrogen-storage protein that modulates tissue levels of estrogen in the pancreas. Biochemical Journal 447: 115-123. [PMID: 22747530] 

Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2012] Critical role of cyclin B1/Cdc2 up-regulation in the induction of mitotic prometaphase arrest in human breast cancer cells treated with 2-methoxyestradiol. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1823: 1306-1315. [PMID: 22580043]  

Fukui M, Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2012] Rapid generation of mitochondrial superoxide induces mitochondron-dependent but caspase-independent cell death in hippocampal neuronal cells that morphologically resembles necroptosis. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 262: 156-166. [PMID: 22575170] 

Choi HJ, Fukui M and Zhu BT* [2011] Role of cyclin B1/Cdc2 up-regulation in the development of mitotic prometaphase arrest in human breast cancer cells treated with nocodazole. PLoS ONE 6: e24312. [PMID: 21918689] 

Fu XM, Wang P and Zhu BT* [2011] Characterization of the estradiol-binding site structure of human protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). PLoS ONE 6(11): e27185. [PMID: 22073283] 

Fu XM and Zhu BT* [2011] Both PDI and PDIp can form stable disulfide-linked complexes with thermally-unfolded RNase containing native disulfide bonds: Insights into the disulfide recognition. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1814: 487-495 [PMID: 21238616] 

Fu XM, Wang P and Zhu BT* [2011] Characterization of the estradiol-binding site structure of human pancreas-specific protein disulfide isomerase: Indispensable role of the hydrogen bond between PDIp-His278 and the estradiol 3-hydroxyl group. Biochemistry 50: 106-115 [PMID: 21080683]

Choi HJ, Kang KS, Fukui M and Zhu BT* [2011] Role of JNK?p53?GADD45α apoptotic cascade in oxidative stress-induced neuronal death. British Journal of Pharmacology 162: 175-192. [PMID: 20955365]  

Wang Y, Denisova JV, Kang KS, Fontes JD, Zhu BT* and Belousov AB [2010] Neuronal gap junctions are required for NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity: Implications in ischemic stroke. Journal of Neurophysiology 104: 3551-3556 [PMID: 20943940]

Zhu BT*, Wu KY, Wang P, Cai MX and Conney AH [2010] O-Methylation of catechol estrogens by human placental catechol-O-methyltransferase: Inter-individual differences in sensitivity to heat inactivation and to inhibition by dietary polyphenols. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 38: 1892-1899. [PMID: 20606002] 

Wang P, Bai HW and Zhu BT* [2010] Structural basis for certain naturally occurring bioflavonoids to function as reducing co-substrates of cyclooxygenase I and II. PLoS ONE 5(8): e12316. [PMID: 20808785] 

Kang KS, Wen Y, Yamabe N, Fukui M, Bishop SC and Zhu BT* [2010] Dual beneficial effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on levodopa methylation and neurodegeneration: in vitro and in vivo studies. PLoS ONE 5(8): e11951. [PMID: 20700524] 

Fu XM and Zhu BT* [2010] Human pancreas-specific protein disulfide isomerase (PDIp) can function as a chaperone independently of its enzymatic activity by forming stable complexes with denatured substrate proteins. Biochemical Journal 429: 157-169. [PMID: 20423326] 

Kang KS, Wang P, Yamabe N, Fukui M, Jay T and Zhu BT* [2010] Docosahexaenoic acid induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo via reactive oxygen species formation and caspase 8 activation. PLoS ONE 5(4): e10296. [PMID: 20421971] 

Yamabe N, Kang KS and Zhu BT* [2010] Beneficial effect of 17β-estradiol on hyperglycemia and islet β-cell functions in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 249: 76-85 [PMID: 20801139]

Fukui M, Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2010] Mechanism for the protective effect of resveratrol against glutamate-induced neuronal death in HT22 cells. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 49: 800-813 [PMID: 20542495] 

Fukui M, Yamabe N, Kang KS and Zhu BT* [2010] Growth-stimulatory effect of resveratrol in human cancer cells. Molecular Carcinogenesis 49: 750-759 [PMID: 20572158] 

Fukui M, Yamabe N and Zhu BT* [2010] Resveratrol attenuates the anticancer efficacy of paclitaxel in human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. European Journal of Cancer 46: 1882-1891. [PMID: 20223651] 

Fukui M and Zhu BT* [2010] Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase SOD2, but not cytosolic SOD1, plays a critical role in protection against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and cell death in HT22 neuronal cells. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 48: 821-830. [PMID: 20060889]

Zhu BT* [2010] On the general mechanism of selective induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes by chemicals: Some theoretical considerations. Expert Opinions on Drug Metabolism and Toxicology 6: 483-494. [PMID: 20113197]

Zhang EY, Chen AY and Zhu BT* [2009] Mechanism of dinitrochlorobenzene-induced dermatitis in mice: Role of specific antibodies in pathogenesis. PLoS ONE 4(11): e7703. [PMID: 19890385] 

Fukui M, Song JH, Choi JY, Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2009] Mechanism of glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in culture HT22 cells. European Journal of Pharmacology 617: 1-11. [PMID: 19580806] 

Wang P, Wen Y, Han GZ, Sidhu PK and Zhu BT* [2009] Characterization of the estrogenic activity of non-aromatic steroids: Are there male-specific estrogen receptor modulators? British Journal of Pharmacology 158: 1796-1807. [PMID: 19888961] 

Fu XM and Zhu BT* [2009] Human pancreas-specific protein disulfide isomerase homolog (PDIp) is an intracellular estrogen-binding protein that modulates estrogen levels and actions in target cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 115: 20-29. [PMID: 19429457] 

Zhou R, Fukui M, Choi HJ and Zhu BT* [2009] Induction of a reversible, non-cytotoxic S phase delay by resveratrol: Implications for a mechanism of lifespan prolongation and cancer protection. British Journal of Pharmacology 158: 462-474 [PMID: 19563536] 

Fu X and Zhu BT* [2009] Human pancreas-specific protein disulfide isomerase homolog (PDIp) is redox-regulated through formation of an inter-subunit disulfide bond. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 485: 1-9. [PMID: 19150607] 

Dai X and Zhu BT* [2009] Suppression of T-cell response and prolongation of allograft survival in a rat model by tryptophan catabolites. European Journal of Pharmacology 606: 225-232. [PMID: 19374879] 

Bai HW and Zhu BT* [2009] Identification of a novel haplotype of the human catechol-O-methyltransferase gene. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics 19: 87-89. [PMID: 19077667]

Zhu BT*, Wang P, Nagai M, Wen Y and Bai HW [2009] Inhibition of human catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated O-methylation of catechol estrogens by major polyphenolic components present in coffee. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 113: 65-74. [PMID: 19095062] 

Fu X, Wang P and Zhu BT* [2008] Protein disulfide isomerase is a multifunctional regulator of estrogenic status in target cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 112: 127-137. [PMID: 18840527]

Bai HW, Wang P and Zhu BT* [2008] Characterization of a novel mutant of human catechol-O-methyltransferase with triplet point mutations. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 22: 769-780. (Figure 6 of this paper is featured on the journal cover for that issue.) [PMID: 19020775]

Bai HW and Zhu BT* [2008] Strong activation of cyclooxygenase I and II catalytic activity by dietary bioflavonoids. Journal of Lipid Research 49: 2557-2570. [PMID: 18660529] 

Jiang XR, Wang P, Fu X and Zhu BT* [2008] Chemical synthesis and biochemical characterization of a biotinylated derivative of 17β-estradiol with a long side chain covalently attached to its C-7α position. Steroids 73: 1252-1261. [PMID: 18621069] 

Mills LH, Yu J, Xu XM, Lee AJ and Zhu BT* [2008] Naturally-occurring estradiol-17b-fatty acid esters, but not estradiol-17b, preferentially induce mammary tumorigenesis in female rats: Implications for an important role in human breast cancer. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 229: 332-341. [PMID: 18394671] 

Zhu BT*, Gallo MA, Burger CW Jr, Meeker RJ, Cai MX, Xu S and Conney AH [2008] Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin administration and high-fat diet on the body weight and hepatic estrogen metabolism in female C3H/HeN mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 226: 107-118. [PMID: 17945325] 

Chen AY, Lee AJ and Zhu BT* [2007] Chemical synthesis of six novel 17β-estradiol and estrone dimers and study of their formation catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 isoforms. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 50: 5372-5381. [PMID: 17924615] 

Bai HW, Shim JY, Yu J and Zhu BT* [2007] Biochemical and molecular modeling studies of the O-methylation of various endogenous and exogenous catechol substrates catalyzed by recombinant human soluble and membrane-bound catechol-O-methyltransferases. Chemical Research in Toxicology 20: 1409-1425. [PMID: 17880176]

Takemura H, Shim JY, Sayama K, Tsubura A, Zhu BT* and Shimoi K [2007] Characterization of the estrogenic activities of Zearalenone and Zeranol in vivo and in vitro. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 103: 170-177. [PMID: 17097287] 

Zhu BT*, Han GZ, Shim JY, Wen Y and Jiang XR [2006] Quantitative structure-activity relationship of various endogenous estrogen metabolites for human estrogen receptor α and β subtypes: Insights into the structural determinants favoring a differential subtype binding. Endocrinology 147: 4132-4150. [PMID: 16728493]  

Vijayanathan V, Venkiteswaran S, Nair SK, Verma A, Thomas TJ, Zhu BT* and Thomas T [2006] Physiological levels of 2-methoxyestradiol interfere with nongenomic signaling of 17β-estradiol in human breast cancer cells. Clinical Cancer Research 12: 2038-2048. [PMID: 16609013] 

Lee WJ and Zhu BT* [2006] Inhibition of DNA methylation by caffeic acid and chlorigenic acid, two common catechol-containing coffee polyphenols. Carcinogenesis 27: 269-277. [PMID: 16081510] 

Lee WJ, Shim JY and Zhu BT* [2005] Mechanisms for inhibition of DNA methyltransferases by tea catechins and bioflavonoids. Molecular Pharmacology 68: 1018-1030. [Figure 11 of this paper was featured on the journal cover.] [PMID: 16037419] 

Zhu BT* [2005] Mechanistic explanation for the unique pharmacologic properties of receptor partial agonists. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 59: 76-89. [PMID: 15795100] 

Zhu BT* and Lee AJ [2005] NADPH-dependent metabolism of 17β-estradiol and estrone to polar and nonpolar metabolites by human tissues and cytochrome P450 isoforms. Steroids 70: 225-244. [PMID: 15784278] 

Liu ZJ, Lee WJ and Zhu BT* [2005] Selective insensitivity of ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells to 2-methoxyestradiol: Evidence for Type II 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase as the underlying cause. Cancer Research 65: 5802-5811. [PMID: 15994956]

Zhu BT* [2005] Human and animal spongiform encephalopathies are autoimmune diseases: A novel theory and its supporting evidence. International Review of Neurobiology 63:155-190. [PMID: 15797468] 

Han GZ, Liu ZJ, Shimoi K and Zhu BT* [2005] Synergism between the anticancer actions of 2-methoxyestradiol and microtubule-disrupting agents in human breast cancer. Cancer Research 65: 387-393. [PMID: 15695378] 

Lee JA and Zhu BT* [2004] NADPH-dependent formation of polar and nonpolar estrogen metabolites following incubations of 17β-estradiol with human liver microsomes. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 32: 876-883. [PMID: 15258114]

Nagai M, Conney AH and Zhu BT* [2004] Strong inhibitory effects of common tea catechins and bioflavonoids on the O-methylation of catechol estrogens catalyzed by human liver cytosolic catechol-O-methyltransferase. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 32: 497-504. [PMID: 15100171]

Liu ZJ and Zhu BT* [2004] Concentration-dependent mitogenic and antiproliferative actions of 2-methoxyestradiol in estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 88: 265-275. [PMID: 15120420]

Lee AJ, Conney AH and Zhu BT* [2003] Human cytochrome P450 3A7 has a distinct high catalytic activity for the 16α-hydroxylation of estrone, but not 17β-estradiol. Cancer Research 63: 6532-6536. [PMID: 14559847]

Lee AJ, Cai MX, Thomas PE, Conney AH and Zhu BT* [2003] Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17β-estradiol and estrone formed by fifteen selectively-expressed human cytochrome P450 isoforms. Endocrinology 144: 3382-3398. [PMID: 12865317] 

Zhu BT* [2002] On the mechanism of homocysteine pathophysiology and pathogenesis: A unifying hypothesis. Histology and Histopathology 17: 1283-1291. [PMID: 12371153]

Zhu BT* [2002] Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated methylation metabolism of endogenous bioactive catechols and modulation by endobiotics and xenobiotics: Importance in pathophysiology and pathogenesis. Current Drug Metabolism 3: 321-349. [PMID: 12083324] 

Lee AJ, Mills LH, Kosh JW, Conney AH and Zhu BT* [2002] NADPH-dependent metabolism of estrone by human liver microsomes. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 300: 838-849. [PMID: 11861789] 

Zhu BT*, Cai MX, Spink DC, Hussain MM, Busch C, Ranzini A, Lambert GH, Thomas PE and Conney AH [2002] Stimulatory effect of cigarette smoking on the 15α-hydroxylation of 17β-estradiol by human term placenta. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 71: 311-324 [PMID: 12011817] 

Xu S, Zhu BT* and Conney AH [2002] Effect of clofibrate administration on the esterification and deesterification of steriod hormones by liver and extrahepatic tissues in rats. Biochemical Pharmacology 63: 985-992. [PMID: 11911851] 

Xu S, Zhu BT*, Turan V, Rusyn I, Thurman R, Peters JM, Gonzalez FJ and Conney AH* [2001] PPARα-dependent induction of liver microsomal esterification of estradiol and testosterone by a prototypical peroxisome proliferator. Endocrinology 142: 3554-3557. [PMID: 11459802] 

Mills LH, Lee AJ and Parlow AF and Zhu BT* [2001] Preferential growth stimulation of mammary glands over uterine endometrium in female rats by a naturally occurring estradiol-17β-fatty acid ester. Cancer Research 61: 5764-5770. [PMID: 11479213] 

Lee AJ, Kosh JW, Conney AH and Zhu BT* [2001] Characterization of the NADPH-dependent metabolism of 17β-estradiol to multiple metabolites by human liver microsomes and selectively-expressed human cytochrome P450 3A4 and 3A5. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 298: 420-432. [PMID: 11454902]  

Xu S, Zhu BT and Conney AH* [2001] Stimulatory effect of clofibrate on the action of estradiol in the mammary gland but not in the utuers of rats. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 297: 50-56. [PMID: 11259527]

Xu S, Zhu BT and Conney AH* [2001] Stimulatory effect of clofibrate and gemfibrozil administration on the formation of fatty acid esters of estradiol by rat liver microsomes. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 296: 188-197. [PMID: 11123380]  

Zhu BT*, Kosh JW, Fu JH, Xu S, Cai MX and Conney AH [2000] Strong inhibition of estrone-3-sulfatase activity by pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile but not by several analogs lacking a 16α-nitrile group. Steroids 65: 521-527. [PMID: 10978731] 

Zhu BT*, Patel UK, Cai MX and Conney AH [2000] Metabolic O-methylation of tea polyphenols catalyzed by human placental cytosolic catechol-O-methyltransferase. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 28: 1024-1030. (Figure 6 of this paper was featured on the journal cover of that issue.) [PMID: 10950844]

Zhu BT* [1999] A novel hypothesis for the mechanism of action of P-glycoprotein as a multidrug transporter. Molecular Carcinogenesis 25: 1-13. (Figure 1 of this paper was featured on the journal cover of that issue.) [PMID: 10331739]

DiPaola RS*, Zhang H, Lambert G, Mecker R, Licitra E, Rafi MM, Zhu BT, Spaulding H, Goodin S, Toledano MB, Hait WN and Gallo M [1998] Clinical and biologic activity of an estrogenic herbal combination (PC-SPES) in prostate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 339: 785-791. [PMID: 9738085] 

Zhu BT* and Conney AH [1998] Is 2-methoxyestradiol an endogenous estrogen metabolite that inhibits mammary carcinogenesis? Cancer Research 58: 2269-2277. [PMID: 9622057] 

Huang MT*, Lou YR, Xie JG, Ma W, Lu YP, Yen P, Zhu BT, Newmark H and Ho CT [1998] Effect of dietary curcumin and dibenzoylmethane on formation of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors and lymphomas/leukemias in Sencar mice. Carcinogenesis 19: 1697-1700. [PMID: 9771944]

Zhu BT, Loder DP, Cai MX, Ho CT, Huang MT and Conney AH* [1998] Dietary administration of an extract from rosemary leaves enhances the liver microsomal metabolism of estrogens and decreases their uterotropic action in CD-1 mice. Carcinogenesis 19: 1821-1827. [PMID: 9806165] 

Zhu BT, Taneja N, Loder DP, Balentine DA and Conney AH* [1998] Effects of tea polyphenols and flavonoids on liver microsomal glucuronidation of estradiol and estrone. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 64: 207-215. [PMID: 9605416] 

Zhu BT and Conney AH* [1998] Functional role of estrogen metabolism in target cells: Review and perspectives. Carcinogenesis 19: 1-27. [PMID: 9472688]  PDF

Sarabia SF, Zhu BT, Kurosawa T, Tohma M and Liehr JG* [1997] Mechanism of cytochrome P450-catalyzed aromatic hydroxylation of estrogens. Chemical Research in Toxicology 10: 767-771. [PMID: 9250410]

Hammond DK, Zhu BT, Wang MY, Ricci MJ and Liehr JG* [1997] Cytochrome P450 metabolism of estradiol in hamster liver and kidney. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 145: 54-60. [PMID: 9221823] 

Zhu BT, Lech J, Rosen RT and Conney AH* [1997] Effect of dietary 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole on the metabolism and action of estradiol and estrone in female CD-1 mice. Cancer Research 57: 2419-2427. [PMID: 9192820] 

Zhu BT* [1996] Rational design of receptor partial agonists and possible mechanisms of receptor partial activation: A theory. Journal of Theoretical Biology 181: 273-291. [PMID: 8869127]

Zhu BT and Liehr JG* [1996] Inhibition of catechol O-methyltransferase-catalyzed O-methylation of 2- and 4-hydroxyestradiol by quercetin: Possible role in estradiol-induced tumorigenesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 1357-1363. [PMID: 8576124] 

Zhu BT, Evaristus EN, Antoniak SK, Sarabia SF, Ricci MJ and Liehr JG* [1996] Metabolic deglucuronidation and demethylation of estrogen conjugates as a source of parent estrogens and catecholestrogen metabolites in Syrian hamster kidney, a target organ of estrogen-induced tumorigenesis. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 136: 186-193. [PMID: 8560473] 

Zhu BT, Suchar LA, Huang MT and Conney AH* [1996] Similarities and differences in the glucuronidation of estradiol and estrone by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in liver microsomes from male and female rats. Biochemical Pharmacology 51: 1195-1202. [PMID: 8645343]

Liehr JG, Ricci MJ, Jefcoate CR, Hanningan EV, Hokanson JA and Zhu BT [1995] 4-Hydroxylation of estradiol by human uterine myometrium and myoma microsomes: Implications for the mechanism of uterine tumorigenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA 92: 9220-9224. [PMID: 7568105] 

Zhu BT, Bui QD, Weisz J and Liehr JG* [1994] Conversion of estrone to 2- and 4-hydroxyestrone by hamster kidney and liver microsomes: Implications for the mechanism of estrogen-induced carcinogenesis. Endocrinology 135: 1772-1779. [PMID: 7956900] 

Zhu BT and Liehr JG* [1994] Quercetin increases the severity of estradiol-induced tumorigenesis in hamster kidney. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 125: 149-158. [PMID: 8128490] 

Zhu BT, Ezell EL and Liehr JG* [1994] Catechol-O-methyltransferase-catalyzed O-methylation of mutagenic flavonoids: Metabolic inactivation as possible reason for their lack of carcinogenicity in vivo. Journal of Biological Chemistry 269: 292-299. [PMID: 8276810] 

Zhu BT* [1993] The competitive and noncompetitive antagonism of receptor-mediated drug actions in the presence of spare receptors. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 29: 85?91. [PMID: 8318718] 

Zhu BT and Liehr JG* [1993] Inhibition of the catechol-O-methyltransferase-catalyzed O-methylation of 2- and 4-hydroxyestradiol by catecholamines: Implications for the mechanism of estrogen?induced carcinogenesis. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 304: 248-256. [PMID: 8323288] 

Zhu BT, Roy D and Liehr JG* [1993] The carcinogenic activity of ethinyl estrogens is determined by both their hormonal characteristics and their conversion to catechol metabolites. Endocrinology 132: 577-583. [PMID: 8381068] 

Seitz P, Zhu BT and Cooper CW* [1992] Effect of transforming growth factor-β on parathyroid hormone receptor binding and cAMP formation in rat osteosarcoma cells. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 7: 541-546. [PMID: 1319667]