Welcome to
Frederick Leong WEBSITE
Dr. Frederick Leong is a Professor of Applied Psychology in the School of Humanities and Social Science at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China. He was a Professor of Psychology from Michigan State University (2006-2021) where he also served as the Director of the Consortium for Multicultural Psychology Research. He has authored or co-authored over 202 journal articles and 131 book chapters. He has edited or co-edited 15 handbooks and 13 books. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Counseling (Sage Publications), APA Handbook of Multicultural Psychology and the APA Handbook of Psychotherapy (APA Books). He is the only psychologists to have served as Editor-in-Chief for two APA Handbooks. Dr. Leong is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, Association for Psychological Science, Asian American Psychological Association, and the International Association of Applied Psychology. He is the Founding Editor of the Asian American Journal of Psychology and also served as Associate Editor of the Archives of Scientific Psychology and the American Psychologist. He is currently Associate Editor of Current Directions in Psychological Science. His research focuses on cultural diversity psychological science including career psychology, adaptability, cross-cultural psychotherapy, psychological testing, and Chinese Psychology.
Professor Leong is one of the top psychological scientists in the world. He is listed in Stanford University’s recently released Top 2% Global Scientists List for 2024. (Elsevier Data Repository) (1). In addition, he was also selected for the Career-Long Impact List which represents long-term representation on the top global scientists list: (See CUHK Shenzhen School of Humanities and Social Science news release (2). Within China, he is ranked number 1 among the top 100 psychology scientists in the country (3) by AD Scientific Index (2025). They use the broader metrics of Google Scholar (book chapters and journal articles) for their rankings and Professor Leong has 26,153 citations and an h-index of 90. In terms of empirical research, Professor Leong is also ranked 5th the list of best psychology scientists in China by Research.com (4) which includes only journal articles.
(1) Elsevier Data Depository: https://elsevier.digitalcommonsdata.com/datasets/btchxktzyw/7
(2) See CUHK Shenzhen School of Humanities and Social Science news release--https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Vr_b4FWbXsULCM1RH8Q8Iw
(3) AD Scientific Index Top 100 Psychology Scientists in China: https://www.adscientificindex.com/top-100-scientist/?tit_sub=Social+Sciences+%2F+Psychology&country_code=cn&tit=Social+Sciences
(4) Research.com: https://research.com/scientists-rankings/psychology/cn
Professor Leong’s scientific contributions from his program of research on career psychology, cross-cultural psychotherapy, and Chinese psychology have led to numerous awards and recognition (see list of awards above). For his program of research on cultural and personality factors in career psychology, the American Psychological Association invited him to serve as the Editor-in-Chief of their APA Handbook of Multicultural Psychology (https://www.apa.org/pubs/books/4311511 ). For his significant contributions to psychotherapy research, the American Psychological Association invited him to serve as the Editor-in-Chief of their APA Handbook of Psychotherapy ( https://www.apa.org/pubs/books/apa-handbook-psychotherapy). He is the only psychologist in the Association to have been invited to serve as editor-in-chief of two APA Handbooks. For his contributions to Chinese Psychology, he was appointed as Honorary Chair Professor at Shanghai Normal University where they are developing indigenous Chinese approaches to careers. More recently, he has been selected to organize the 14th Conference of Chinese Psychologists which will be held at CUHK Shenzhen in March 2026.
Additional recognition of his pioneering scientific contributions includes his appointment as Founding Editor of the Asian American Journal of Psychology as well as Associate Editor of the American Psychologist and the Archives of Scientific Psychology (two of the top journals in the field). Recently, he has been appointed to serve as the Associate Editor of Current Directions in Psychological Science. He has also been elected as Fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA), Association for Psychological Science, International Association for Applied Psychology, International Academy for Intercultural Research, and the Asian American Psychological Association. Within APA, he has been elected as Fellow in 9 Divisions (General, Teaching, Measurement, Clinical, Counseling, Psychotherapy, History, Cultural Diversity, and International Psychology). Election as Fellow represents unusual and outstanding contributions to the association.
In addition to presenting 185 scientific papers at association conferences (based on peer review submissions), Professor Leong has also been invited to present 107 scientific papers at various universities and international congresses. These universities include UCLA, Harvard Law School, Columbia University, Laval University, Indian School of Business, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shatin), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, City University of Hong Kong, Fudan University, Nanjing Normal University, and Shanghai Normal University. The international congresses include the Pacific Science Congress in Beijing, International Test Commission Conference, World Congress of Psychotherapy, European Congress of Psychology, International Congress of Psychology, International Congress of Cross-Cultural Psychology, and International Congress of Applied Psychology.
At CUHK Shenzhen, Professor Leong has been pursuing two streams of research. The first involves career adaptability with the concept of Adaptability being a key organizing construct in Psychology. With colleagues, he has initiated the International Career Adaptability Study (see Leong and Walsh, 2012) in Berlin which helped launch a new program of studies on that topic. Career adaptability has often been measured using the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS) and conceptualized as consisting of four factors (Concern, Control, Curiosity, and Confidence). What has not been widely known is that the measure as originally conceptualized in Berlin (Leong & Walsh, 2012) included a fifth dimension, known as Cooperation (Nye, Leong, Prasad, Gardner, and Tien, 2018). He has argued that the four factor CAAS exhibits as a cultural bias toward individualistic conceptualizations of career constructs such that relational or interpersonal dimensions are often ignored.
His recent research has produced evidence in support of the inclusion of a fifth factor, Cooperation. In a psychometric study (Nye, et al. 2018), they found evidence in support of the five-factor career adaptability scale (CAAS-5), which included the Cooperation dimension, in terms of structural validity. In another study (Prasad, Gardner, Leong, Zhang, and Nye, 2021) based on a sample of Chinese workers, they examined the criterion validity of the Cooperation dimension which supported the inclusion of cooperation into the career adaptability construct and expanding the nomological network of career adaptability (Nye et al., 2018; Savickas and Porfeli, 2012). The results demonstrated the added value of the Cooperation dimension across several work outcomes and highlighted Cooperation in predicting interpersonal outcomes. In the latest study (Leong, et al 2023), they examined how the CAAS-5 predicts a number of work and life-relevant outcomes. Results showed that the CAAS-5 is uniquely predictive of a number of outcomes over and above theoretically related constructs in both a sample of students with work experience and working adults. The combination of such results provides evidence for the validity and utility of the CAAS-5 for career interventions.
In continuing this program, Professor Leong is also planning to expand the career adaptability paradigm by adding the relational dimension to the model. He and his team are developing a Bifactor Model of Career Adaptability which will include the original Autonomous factor and the addition of the new Relational factor which will include the Cooperation, Communication, Citizenship and Collective Efficacy dimensions.
Professor Leong’s second stream of research is on the Implicit Theory of Diversity (ITD), which is similar to Dweck’s Implicit Theory of Intelligence. Like Dweck’s Growth Mindset and Fixed Mindset, the Implicit Theory of Diversity consists of Diversity Mindset and Homogeneity Mindset. This began with his collaboration with an economist that resulted in the Diversified Portfolio Model (DPM) of Adaptability (Chandra and Leong, 2016). The DPM is an extension of Markowitz’s model of financial portfolio which demonstrated that investors could optimize the ratio of risk and return on their portfolios through risk diversification. The DPM draws on the concept of portfolio diversification and posits that diversified investment in multiple life experiences, life roles, and relationships promotes positive adaptation to life’s challenges. The ITD is an extension of the DPM using the construct of beliefs.
To operationalize the ITD, Professor Leong and his team have developed the Diversity Mindset Measure (DMM) and the Homogeneity Mindset Measure (HMM). They built these measures to be similar to Carol Dweck’s Growth-Fixed Mindset measure (Dweck, 2008) which is directly related to motivation. Individuals with a growth mindset believe that intelligence and ability can grow and are therefore motivated to improve via effort, learning, and persistence. Individuals with a fixed mindset believe that intelligence and ability are innate/fixed and are motivated to avoid failures and do not exert much effort or persistence. They also give up easily in the face of challenges and have difficulty learning from criticisms. The team in the process of evaluating the construct and predictive validity of these measures. Leong, Chandra, and Scott (under review) discuss the development and initial validation of the Diversity Mindset Measure (DMM), the first instrument to capture the construct of diversity mindset.
A Diversity Mindset (DM) consists of a set of beliefs regarding the positive nature and consequences of diversity in adaptation to life. In Study 1, they established the initial reliability and factor structure of the DMM, finding that the DMM is a two-factor and reliable measure. Study 2 established that the two-factor model is the best-fitting model for the DMM through confirmatory factor analysis, and a total of 11 items were retained for the final measure. Study 2 also established the concurrent validity of the DMM, as it was found that the DMM correlated positively with adaptability, need for cognition, and openness to experience and was indirectly related to subjective well-being among college students. They have just completed analyses in the next study with adult workers, which demonstrated the predictive validity of the DMM. At the same time, they have been developing the Homogeneity Mindset Measure (HMM) which is similar to Dweck’s Fixed Mindset Measure. A Homogeneity Mindset consists of a set of beliefs regarding the positive nature and consequences of homogeneity (non-diversity) in the biological, psychological and social aspects of life. This ongoing program of research on the ITD will provide an important set of meta-cognitive measures to advance cultural diversity science in Psychology.
1) Books
Genkova, P., Ringeisen, T., & Leong, F.T. L. (Editors) (2013). Handbook of Culture and Stress (German volume: Handbuch Stress und Kultur). Wiesbaden, Germany: VS Verlag
Leong, F.T.L., (Editor-in-Chief), Comaz-Diaz, L., Hall, G.N., McLoyd, V., & Trimble, J. E. (Associated Editors) (2014). APA Handbook of Multicultural Psychology (2 volumes). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Leong, F.T.L., Bartram, D., Cheung, F.M., Geisinger, K., & Iliescu, D. (Editors) (2016). ITC International Handbook of Testing and Assessment. New York: Oxford University Press. Received the Ursula Gielen Global Psychology Book Award, APA Division 52 (International Psychology), 2017.
Zane, N. Bernal, G. & Leong, F.T.L. (Editors) (2016). Evidence-Based Psychological Practice with Ethnic Minorities: Cultural Informed Research and Clinical Strategies. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Leong, F.T.L., Eggerth, D., Chang, D., Flynn, M., Ford, K. & Martinez, R. (Editors) (2017). Occupational Health Disparities: Improving the Well-Being of Ethnic and Racial Minority Workers. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Genkova, P., Ringeisen, T., and Leong, F.T.L., (Editors) (2020) Handbuch Stress und Kultur: Interkulturelle und kulturvergleichende perspektiven cultural (Second edition). Wiesbaden, Germany: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH. (GERMAN).
Walsh, W. B., Flores, L.Y., Hartung, P.J. and Leong, F.T.L. (Editors) (2023). Career Psychology: Models, Concepts, and Counseling for Meaningful Employment. Washington, D.C. American Psychological Association.
Leong, F.T. L. & Austin, J.A. (Eidtors.). (2024). Psychology Research Handbook: A guide for graduate students and research assistants (Third edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
Leong, F.T.L., (Editor-in-Chief), Constantino, M., Zimmerman, J., Callahan, J., & Eubanks, C., (Associated Editors) (2024). APA Handbook of Psychotherapy (2 volumes). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Leong, F.T.L., Bernal, G. & Buchanan, N. (Editors) (in press). Clinical Psychology of Ethnic
2) Chapters
Leong. F.T.L., Holliday, B.G., Trimble, J.E., Padilla, A. & McCubbin, L. (2013). Ethnic Minority Psychology. In Donald K. Freedheim (Volume Editor) & Irving B. Weiners (Editor-in-Chief) Handbook of Psychology, Volume One: History of Psychology (pp. 530-561). New York: Wiley.
Leong. F.T.L., Kalibatseva, Z. & Park, Y.S. (2013). Evaluating Measurement Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Stress Research. In Petia Genkova, Tobias Ringeisen, and Frederick T. L. Leong’s (Editors) Handbuch Stress und Kultur: Interkulturelle und kulturvergleichende perspektiven cultural (pp. 173-188). Wiesbaden, Germany: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH. (GERMAN).
Leach, M.M., Leong. F.T.L., Inman, A., & Ciftci, A. (2013). National origin, national values and cultural congruence. In Rodney L. Lowman’s (Editors). Internationalizing Multiculturalism: Expanding Professional Competencies in a Globalized World (pp. 83-108). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Leong. F.T.L. & Kalibatseva, Z. (2013). Clinical research with culturally diverse populations. In Jonathan S. Comer & Philip C. Kendall’s (Editors). Oxford Handbook of Research Strategies for Clinical Psychology (pp. 413-433). New York: Oxford University Press.
Leong. F.T.L. & Flores, L. (2013). Multicultural Perspectives in Vocational Psychology In W. Bruce Walsh, Mark Savickas, and Paul Hartung’s (Eds). Handbook of Vocational Psychology (pp. 53-80). New York: Routledge
Leong, F.T.L., Leach, M. M., & Kalibatseva, K. (2013). Suicide among racial-ethnic minorities: Implications for research and practice. In Freddy A. Paniagua & Ann Marie Yamada’s (Editors) (2013). Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health: Assessment and Treatment of Diverse Population (2nd Edition). New York: Elsevier
Leong, F.T.L., Park, Y.S., & Leach, M. M. (2013). Ethics in psychological testing and assessment. In K.F. Geisinger (Editor) APA Handbook of Testing and Assessment Volume 1 (pp. 265-282). Washington, D.C.: APA Books
Leong. F.T.L.(2014). Introduction. In Frederick T.L. Leong’s (Editor-in-Chief). APA Handbook of Multicultural Psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Leong. F.T.L., Hartung, P.J. & Pearce, M. (2014). Work and Career Development: Theory and Research. In Frederick T.L. Leong’s (Editor-in-Chief). APA Handbook of Multicultural Psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Leong, F.T.L. & Pearce, M. (2014). Indigenous models of career development and vocational psychology. In Gideon Arulmani, Anuradha J. Bakshi, Frederick T.L. Leong, & Anthony Watts (Editors). Handbook of Career Development: International Perspectives. New York: Springer.
Arulmani, G., Bakshi, A. J., Leong, F.T.L. & Watts, A. (2014). Introduction to the volume. In Gideon Arulmani, Anuradha J. Bakshi, Frederick T.L. Leong, & Anthony Watts (Editors). Handbook of Career Development: International Perspectives. New York: Springer.
Leong, F.T.L. & Ott-Holland, C. (2014). Career Adaptability: Theory and Measurement. In David Chan’s (Editor) Individual Adaptability to Changes at Work: New Directions in Research (pp. 95-114). (A Volume in the Series in Organizational and Management). New York: Routledge
Kalibatseva, Z., Wu, I. H. C., & Leong, F. T. L. (2014). Assessing depression and suicidality in Asian-Americans. In L. T. Benuto, N. Thaler & B. D. Leany (Eds.), Guide to Psychological Assessment with Asians (pp. 181-198). New York, NY: Springer.
Leong, F.T.L., Eggerth, D. & Flynn, M. (2014). A Life Course Perspective on Immigrant Occupational Health and Well-Being. In Robert Sinclair and Stavroula Leka’s (Editors) Contemporary Occupational Health Psychology. Volume 3 (pp. 97-113). New York: Wiley-Blackwell.
Leong, F.T.L. & Flores, L.Y. (2015). Career Interventions with Racial and Ethnic
Minority Clients. In Paul Hartung, Mark Savickas and Bruce Walsh’s (Editors) APA Handbook of Career Interventions (pp. 225-242). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Leong. F.T.L. , Kalibatseva, Z. & Perera, M. (2015). Suicide among Asian Americans: Review and Recommendations. In Dorian Lamis and Nadine Kaslow’s (Editors), Advancing the Science of Suicidal Behavior: Understanding and Intervention (pp. 305-320). Hauppauge NY Nova Science Publishers.
Leong, F.T.L., Chandra, M. and Chandra, S. (2015). Applying the Portfolio Model of Adaptability: A Career Guide to Managing Academic Environments and Departmental Politics. In Dana S. Dunn’s (Editor) The Oxford Handbook of Undergraduate Psychology Education. (pp. 769-781). New York: Oxford University Press.
Leong, F.T.L., Lee. D. J. and Kalibatseva, Z. (2016). Counseling Asian Americans. In Paul B. Pedersen, Juris G. Draguns, Walter J. Lonner, Joseph E. Trimble & María Scharrón-del Río (Eds). Counseling Across Cultures: Towards Inclusive Cultural Empathy (7th Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Leong, F.T.L, Bartram, D., Cheung, F.M., Geisinger, K.F. & Iliescu, D. (2016). Introduction and Overview. In Frederick T.L. Leong, Dave Bartram, Fanny M. Cheung, Kurt F. Geisinger, and Dragos Iliescu’s (Editors) ITC International Handbook of Testing and Assessment. New York: Oxford University Press.
Leong, F.T.L, Fan, W.Q. & Zhou, X. (2016). Assessment of Career Interests. In Frederick T.L. Leong, Dave Bartram, Fanny M. Cheung, Kurt F. Geisinger, and Dragos Iliescu’s (Editors) ITC International Handbook of Testing and Assessment. New York: Oxford University Press.
Zane, N., Bernal, G., & Leong. F.T.L. (2016). Afterword: Some Culturally Informed Conclusions. In Nolan Zane, Guillermo Bernal & Frederick T.L. Leong’s (Eds). Evidence-Based Psychological Practice with Ethnic Minorities: Culturally-Informed Research and Clinical Strategies. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Leong. F.T.L. & Kalibatseva, Z. (2016). Threats to cultural validity in clinical diagnosis and assessment: Illustrated with the case of Asian Americans. In Nolan Zane, Guillermo Bernal & Frederick T.L. Leong’s (Eds). Evidence-Based Psychological Practice with Ethnic Minorities: Culturally-Informed Research and Clinical Strategies. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
Leong, F.T.L, Eggerth, D. & Flynn, M. (2017). Preface. In F.T. Leong, D. Eggerth, D. Chang, M. Flynn, K. Ford, & R. Martinez’s (Editors) Occupational Health Disparities: Improving the Well-Being of Ethnic and Racial Minority Workers (pp. xiii-xiv). Washington, D.C. APA Books (APA/MSU Series in Multicultural Psychology)
Leong, F.T., Eggerth, D., Chang, D., Flynn, M.A., Ford, J.K. and Martinez, R.O. (Editors) (2017) Introduction. In F.T. Leong, D. Eggerth, D. Chang, M. Flynn, K. Ford, & R. Martinez’s (Editors) Occupational Health Disparities: Improving the Well-Being of Ethnic and Racial Minority Workers (pp. 3-21). Washington, D.C. APA Books (APA/MSU Series in Multicultural Psychology)
Leong, F.T.L, Chang, C.H., & Mak, S. (2017). Occupational Health Disparities among Asian Americans: Review and Recommendations. In F.T. Leong, D. Eggerth, D. Chang, M. Flynn, K. Ford, & R. Martinez’s (Editors) Occupational Health Disparities: Improving the Well-Being of Ethnic and Racial Minority Workers (pp. 133-157). Washington, D.C. APA Books (APA/MSU Series in Multicultural Psychology)
Leong, F., Priscilla Lui, P., & Kalibatseva, Z. (2019). Multicultural Issues in Clinical
Psychological Assessment. In M. Sellbom & J. Suhr (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of
Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis (Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology, pp. 25-37).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108235433.003
Leong. F.T.L., Kalibatseva, Z. & Somaraju, A. (2021). Evaluating Measurement Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Stress Research. In Petia Genkova, Tobias Ringeisen, and Frederick T. L. Leong’s (Editors) (Second edition) Handbuch Stress und Kultur: Interkulturelle und kulturvergleichende perspektiven cultural. Wiesbaden, Germany: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH. (GERMAN).
Leong, F.T.L, & Chatterjee, D. (2023). Career Psychology and Work in the Asian American Context. In Walsh, W. B., Flores, L.Y., Hartung, P.J. and Leong, F.T.L. (Editors) 2023). Career Psychology: Models, Concepts, and Counseling for Meaningful Employment. Washington, D.C. American Psychological Association.
Leong, F.T.L., Schmitt, N. & Lyons, B.L. (2023). Developing Testable and Important Research Questions. In Harris Cooper, Debra Long, Paul Camic, Richard Gonzalez, Abigail Panter, and Kenneth Sher’s (Editors) APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology
Leong, F.T.L., Fan, W.Q., Li, M., & Wang, T. (2024). Cross-Cultural Studies of Career Theories. In Michele Gelfand and Miriam Erez’s Oxford Handbook on Culture and Organizations. New York: Oxford University Press.
Leong, F.T. L. (2024). Cross-cultural theories of psychotherapy. In Frederick Leong (Editor in Chief), Michael Constantino, Jeffrey Zimmerman, Jennifer Callahan, and Catherine Eubanks’ (Associate Editors) APA Handbook of Psychotherapy. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association
Leong, F.T. L. Constantino, M., Zimmerman, J., Callahan, J. and Catherine Eubanks, C., (2024). Introduction. In Frederick Leong (Editor in Chief), Michael Constantino, Jeffrey Zimmerman, Jennifer Callahan, and Catherine Eubanks’ (Associate Editors) APA Handbook of Psychotherapy. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association
Leong, F.T.L. & Austin, J.T. (2024). Introduction to the Handbook. In F.T.L. Leong and J.T. Austin’s (Eds.) Psychology research handbook: A guide for graduate students and research assistants. (3rd edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.
Leong, F.T.L. & Walker, R. (2024). Finding a research topic. In F.T.L. Leong and J.T. Austin’s (Eds.) Psychology research handbook: A guide for graduate students and research assistants (Third Edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.
Leong, F.T.L., Bernal, G., and Buchanan, N. (in press). Introduction. In F.T.L.Leong, G. Bernal, and N. Buchanan (Editors). Clinical Psychology of Racial and Ethnic Minorities: Integrating Research and Practice. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Leong, F.T.L. & Kalibatseva, Z (in press). Clinical Diagnosis and Assessment with Asian Americans: Cultural Validity and Measurement Equivalence. In In F.T.L.Leong, G. Bernal, and N. Buchanan (Editors). Clinical Psychology of Racial and Ethnic Minorities: Integrating Research and Practice. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
3) Journal Articles
Cheung, F.M., Wan, S.L.Y., Fan, W.Q., Leong, F.T.L. & Mok, P. C.H. (2013). Collective contributions to career efficacy in adolescents: A cross-cultural study.
Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83, 237-244.
Leong, F.T.L. Pearce, M. & Huang, J. L. (2013). Assessing Scientist and Practitioner Orientations in Industrial/Organizational Psychology. Journal of Career Assessment, 21, 452-468.
Leong, F.T.L., Park, Y., & Kalibatseva, Z. (2013). Disentangling immigrant status: An exploration of psychological protective and risk factors among Latino and Asian American immigrants using the NLAAS. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 83, 361-371
Gupta, A., Leong, F.T. L. & Valentine, J. (2013). A Meta-Analytic Study: Acculturation and Depression among Asian Americans. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 83, 372-385
Leong, F.T.L. & Mak, S. (2013). Giving Psychology Away as Coaches and Mentors. PsycCRITIQUES, American Psychological Association, vol.58, no. 47, Article 7.
Leong, F.T.L., Huang, J.L., & Mak, S. (2014). Protestant Work Ethic, Confucian Values, and Work-related Attitudes: A Study in Singapore. Journal of Career Assessment, 22, 304-316
Leong, F.T.L. & Mak, S. (2014). Occupational Health Disparities among Asian Americans: A Critical Review with Recommendations. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 5, 44-52
Kalibatseva, Z., Leong, F.T.L., & Ham, E.H. (2014). A Symptom Profile of Depression among Asian Americans: Is There Evidence for the Differential Item Functioning of Depressive Symptoms?. Psychological Medicine, 44, 2567- 2578
Fan, W.Q., Cheung, F.M., Leong, F.T.L. & Cheung, S.F (2014). Contributions
of Family Factors to Career Readiness: A Cross- cultural Comparison. Career Development
Quarterly, 62, 194-209.
Leong, F.T.L., Rosenberg, S., & Chong, S.H.. (2014). A Psychometric Evaluation of Schein’s Career Anchors Inventory. Journal of Career Assessment, 22, 524-538
Kalibatseva, Z. & Leong, F.T.L. (2014). A Critical Review of Culturally Sensitive Treatments for Depression: Recommendations for Intervention and Research. Psychological Services, 11, 433-450
Leong, F.T.L. (2014). Outgoing Editor’s Farewell Remarks. Asian American Journal of
Psychology, 5, 267.
Goforth, A.N., Oka, E.R., Leong, F.T.L., & Denis, D.J. (2014). Acculturation, Acculturative Stress, Religiosity and Psychological Adjustment among Muslim Arab A merican Adolescents. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 8, 3-19
Gupta, A., Chong, S., & Leong, F.T.L. (2015). Development and Validation of the Vocational Identity Measure. Journal of Career Assessment, 23, 79-90.
Wu, I, Lyons, B. & Leong, F.T.L. (2015). How racial/ethnic bullying affects rejection
sensitivity: The role of social dominance orientation. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21, 156-161.
Leong, T.T.L. (2016). Mapping cross-cultural psychology models and methods onto societal challenges: Focus on psychological mechanisms across levels of analysis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 47, 28-32
Leong, F.T. L. & Tang, M. (2016). Career Barriers for Chinese Immigrants in the United
States. Career Development Quarterly, 64, 259-271
Fan, W.Q. & Leong, F.T.L. (2016). Introduction to Special Issue: Career development and intervention in Chinese contexts. Career Development Quarterly, 64, 192-202
Chandra, S. & Leong, F.T.L. (2016). A diversified portfolio model of adaptability. American Psychologist,
Lui, P.P., Rollock, D., Chang, E.C., Leong, F.T.L., & Zamboanga, B.L. (2016). Big Five Personality and Subjective Well-Being in Asian Americans: Testing Optimism and Pessimism as Moderators. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 7, 274-286.
Leong, F.T.L. , Pickren, W.E., & Vasquez, M. J.T. (2017). APA Efforts in Promoting Human Rights and Social Justice. American Psychologist, 72, 778-790
Escartín, J., Monzani, L., Leong, F., & Rodríguez- Carballeira, A. (2017): A reduced form
of the Workplace Bullying Scale – the EAPA-T-R: A useful instrument for daily diary and experience sampling studies. Work & Stress, 31, 42-62
Chong, S.H. & Leong, F.T.L. (2017). Antecedents of career adaptability in strategic
career management. Journal of Career Assessment, 25, 268280
Kalibatseva, Z., Leong, F.T.L., Ham, E.H., Lannert, B.K., & Chen, Y. (2017). Loss of Face, Intergenerational Family Conflict, and Depression among Asian American and European American College Students. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 8, 126-133
Bathje, G. J., Wu, I. H., Kalibatseva, Z., Sung, D., Leong, F. T. L., & Collins-Eaglin, J. (2017). Stigma, Mental Health, and Counseling Service Use: A Person-Centered Approach to Mental Health Stigma Profiles. Psychological Services, 14, 490-501
Leong, F.T.L., Bryne, B., Hardin, E., Zhang, H. & Chong, S.H. (2018). A psychometric evaluation of the Loss of Face scale. Psychological Assessment, 30, 396-409
Nye, C., Leong, F.T.L., Prasad, J., Gardner, D., & Tien, S. (2018). Examining the Structure of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: The Cooperation Dimension and a 5-Factor Model. Journal of Career Assessment, 26, 549-562
Kalibatseva, Z., & Leong, F.T.L. (2018). Cultural factors, depressive, and somatic symptoms among Chinese American and European American college students. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 49, 1556-1572.
Leong, F.T.L., Chu, J., & Joshi. S.V. (2018). Guest Editors’ Introduction to Special Issue on
Advancing Our Understanding of Suicide Among Asian Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 9, 247-251
Leong, F.T.L. , Pickren, W.E. & Vasquez, M. J.T. (2019). Complexities in the History of Diversity and Social Justice: Reply to Harvey (2019). American Psychologist, 74, 508-509
Lui, P.P., Samuel, D.B., Rollock, D., Leong, F.T.L., & Chang, E.C., (2020). Measurement invariance of the Five Factor Model of Personality: Facet-level analyses among Euro and Asian Americans. Assessment, 27, 887-902
Leong, F.T.L. (2020). Diversified Portfolio Model of adaptability: A natural history perspective. The Counseling Psychologist 48, 608-624, (Leona Tyler Award address invited article).
Hall, G.N., Berkman, E.T., Zane, N.W., Leong, F.T.L., Hwang, W.C., Nezu, A.M., Nezu, C.,
Hong, J.J., Chu, J.P., Huang, E.R. (2021). Reducing mental health disparities by increasing personal relevance of interventions. American Psychologist, 76, 91-103
Kalibatseva, Z., Bathje, G.J., Bluestein, B., I.G H. C. Wu, I.H.C., Leong, F.T.L. & Collins-Eaglin, J. (2021). Minority status, depression and suicidality among counseling center clients. Journal of American College Health (published online 2020).
Prasad, J., Gardner, D., Leong, F.T.L., Zhang, J.M. & Nye, C., (2021). The predictive validity of Cooperation and the CAAS-5 among working adults in China. Career Development International, 26, 252-268
Li, M., Fan, W.Q. & Leong, F.T.L. (2021). Growth mindset of intelligence reduces
counterproductive workplace behavior: A mediation analysis of occupational stress.
International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 1-8. DOI: 10.1111/ijsa.12347
Fan, W.Q., Li, M., Leong, F.T.L. & Zhou, M.J. (2021). West meets east in a new two
polarities model of personality: Combining self-relatedrelatedness structure with independent and -interdependent functions... Frontiers in Psychology: Social and Personality Psychology, December 2021, Volume 12. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg. 2021. 739900
Fan, W.Q., Leong, F.T.L. Laher, S., Zhou, M.J. & Wang, K. (2021). Guest Editors Introduction:
Indigenous Research of Personality from Perspectives of Globalization and Glocalization. Frontiers in Psychology: Social and Personality Psychology,
Leong, F.T.L., Nye, C., Gardner, D., & Prasad, J., (2023). Career Adapt-Abilities
Scale’s (CAAS-5) predictive and incremental validity with work and life outcomes. Journal of Career Development, 50, 860-882
Leong, F.T.L., Yee, B. W.K. & Chang, E.C. (2023). Advancing Asian American Psychology:
A Decade Review of Models, Methods, and Measures in AAJP
Asian American Journal of Psychology,
Leong, F.T.L., Chopik, W., Somaraju, A., & Kuang, S., (2023). Antecedents of Rowe and
Kahn’s Successful Aging Model for Asian Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology,
Yan, Y., Goldman-Mellor, S., Leong, F.T. L. and Song, A. (2023). Incidence and
Correlates of Emergency Department Visits for Deliberate Self-Harm among Asian American Youths. Journal of Adolescent Health, 72, 510-518
Li, M.T., Fan, W.Q., and Leong, F.T.L., (2023). Psychometric Assessment of the Grit
Scale: Evidence from US and Chinese samples. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, 17, 1-18 https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909221147108
Kalibatseva, Z., Wu, I.H.C., Qin, D.B., Settles, I.H., Buchanan, N.T. & Leong, F.T.L. (2024). A longitudinal investigation of parenting, depression and counseling use among Asian American adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, September 2024. (Published online: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39320039/ ) DOI: 10.1002/jad.12410
Hall, G.N., Leong, F.T.L. & Sue, S. (2024): In Memorium: Richard M. Suinn (1933-2024). Obituary. American Psychologist, 79, 674-675
Leong, F.T.L., Kalibatseva, Z., & Scott, N. (2024). Dismantling Racism in Research
Methods and Practices. Review of General Psychology, 28, 301-314 (Special Issue on Dismantling Racism). Published online: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/10892680241289574
Leong, F.T.L., Blune, A.W., & Faye, C. (2024): A Dangerous Opportunity:
Recommendations for Dismantling Racism in Psychology in the United States (Guest Editors Introduction to Special Issue on Dismantling Racism). Review of General Psychology, 28, 287-288
Gao, X., Zhou, X. & Leong, F.T. (in press). Exploring Occupational Well-Being Profiles,
Outcomes, and Predictors Among Chinese Teachers: A Mixed-Methods Approach Using Latent Profile and Decision Tree Analysis. Applied Psychology: Health & Well-Being, DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12640 Published online
